Follow

Translate

NYC Psychotherapist Blog

power by WikipediaMindmap

Monday, January 27, 2025

Reconnecting With Deceased Loved Ones in Your Dreams

Having dreams about deceased loved ones is a common experience for many people (see my article: Common Reactions to the Loss of a Loved One).  

Reconnected With Deceased Loved Ones in Dreams

Some people believe loved ones come to them in dreams to reconnect or to impart an important message.  

Others believe these dreams come from a place deep inside them as a way to remember and mourn their loss.

Whatever you believe, these dreams can be an important part of your healing process as way to come to terms with your loss. 

A Child's Recurring Dreams About a Deceased Father
When I was a child, I had recurring dreams about my father, who died suddenly (see my article: Grief in Waiting After the Death of a Parent).

Reconnecting With Deceased Loves Ones in Dreams

Each dream was slightly different, but there were certain recurring themes. 

One recurring theme was that I would be shocked to see my father appear suddenly in front of me.  I would be happy to see him, but I would also feel confused and I would say to him, "But I thought you were dead..."

In some of the dreams he would tell me he had just gone away and now he was back, and in other dreams he would acknowledge that he was dead. 

Whichever response I received would confuse me: How could he be dead and still be standing in front of me?

Then, at some point, I would tell my father I wanted to let my mother know he was back. But when I turned around, he was gone and I felt the painful loss again.

Many clients tell me how real these dreams feel to them and I know this from my own experience. 

Each person comes to their own understanding of the meaning of their dreams. 

Looking back now, I believe these dreams were a way for my unconscious mind to work through the loss when my conscious mind couldn't make sense of it (see my article: Making the Unconscious Conscious).

In other words, my unconscious mind helped with the healing process. 

Many years later, when I was ready, a skilled psychotherapist helped me with a deeper level of working through the grief (see my article: The Many Layers of Grief).

Dreams About a Deceased Psychotherapist
Over the years I've had dreams about a psychotherapist who was important in my healing process as a young adult.

In some of those dreams, I talked to the therapist about current issues in my life.  

In those dreams it was as if he were still very much alive and I was having a therapy session to talk over a problem. 

I usually wake up feeling a little wistful but also refreshed.

After I wake up, I allow myself to enjoy the experience of the dream without analyzing the meaning--at least not at first.

For me, allowing myself to linger in the experience of this reconnection with someone who was so important to me during my youth is more meaningful (initially) than an analyzing the dream.  There's always time for that later, if I want it.

Conclusion
There are many ways to grieve and work through the loss of a loved one including healing through dreams (see my articles: Writing About Your Mother After Her Death).

Although not all dreams about deceased loved ones are healing, the ones that are can help with the grief and mourning process.

It doesn't matter whether you believe your loved one actually came to you or you believe the dream was your unconscious mind's way of helping you to deal with the loss.  Either belief can help in the healing process.

Recalling, writing down and talking about these dreams with trusted friends and family can help you to cope with loss.

Although dreams can be healing, sometimes grief is too difficult to work through on your own and therapy can help.

Getting Help in Therapy
Time alone doesn't heal all wounds (see my article: Time Doesn't Heal All Wounds).

Grief work in therapy can help you to move through the mourning process at a pace that feels right for you.

Getting Help in Therapy

Rather than struggling on your own, seek help from a skilled psychotherapist who does grief work with clients.

Working through grief can help you to heal from the pain and live a more fulfilling life.

Also See My Other Articles About Grief:





About Me
I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples), Somatic Experiencing and Sex Therapist.

With over 20 years of experience, I have helped many individuals and couples to heal.

To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.




Wednesday, January 22, 2025

Arousal Non-Concordance and a History of Sexual Abuse

In an earlier article, I wrote about arousal non-concordance to explain what it is and to normalize it as a common experience for many people (see my article: What is Arousal Non-Concordance?).

Arousal Non-Concordance and a History of Sexual Abuse

What is Arousal Non-Concordance?
Arousal non-concordance occurs when there is a disconnect between how someone feels physically and how they feel emotionally and psychologically.

Arousal non-concordance can occur when someone feels physically aroused, but they don't want to have sex. 

It can also occur when someone wants to have sex, but they don't feel physically aroused.

What is the Difference Between Sexual Desire and Sexual Arousal?
Arousal non-concordance highlights the difference between feeling sexual desire and sexual arousal.  

Sexual desire is a psychological state. It's a state of mind which is often described as being "in the mood" to have sex.  Desire is often influenced by thoughts, emotions and the particular context a person is in.

Sexual arousal is a physical response which can include changes in erection and lubrication. 

Sexual arousal is often triggered by visual or physical cues or memories.

Sexual desire and sexual arousal often go together--but not always. This is evident with arousal non-concordance.

Examples of Arousal Non-Concordance
The following short vignettes are just a few examples of arousal non-concordance:
  • Liz and JaneLiz feels sexually turned on when Jane kisses her. But when Jane touches Liz's genitals, she discovers Liz feels dry. As a result, Jane assumes Liz doesn't want to have sex so she stops kissing her. She assumes that if Liz was turned on, she would be lubricated. So, Liz tells Jane that, even though she's not wet, she really wants Jane, so they continue to kiss and make love.
  • Mary and Bill: Bill touched Mary's genitals and she knew this meant he wanted to have sex. But she had a headache and she wasn't in the mood. She told Bill that she loves him, but she would rather wait until the morning to have sex after her headache goes away. Bill was confused and said to Mary, "You're so wet. I don't understand how you're not in the mood." Mary explained to him that her body was sexually aroused, but she wasn't  desiring sex at that moment. By the morning, Mary's headache was gone away and she and Bill enjoyed sex.
  • John and Ed: John and Ed were in bed when John told Ed that he wanted to have sex. But during foreplay Ed noticed that John wasn't getting an erection so he stopped kissing and touching him because he assumed that John didn't desire him. At that point, John explained that, even though he really desired Ed a lot, he sometimes had problems having an erection when he was anxious. He said he just needed to relax. So after they cuddled for a while, John felt calmer and he was able to have an erection.
Arousal Non-Concordance and Memories of Sexual Abuse
Arousal non-concordance can occur under many circumstances, including while having memories of sexual abuse (see my article: Overcoming the Trauma of Sexual Abuse).

Arousal Non-Concordance and Memories of Sexual Abuse

The concept of arousal non-concordance is important to understand when there is a history of sexual abuse.

Many children and adults, who were sexually abused, might have felt physically aroused when they were being abused--even though they had no desire to be sexual with their abuser

This happens because the body can become sexually aroused even though the person has no desire to have sex (see my article: Coping With Trauma: Managing Sexual Abuse Triggers).

It's common for people who were sexually abused to get confused about why they get physically aroused with these memories because they don't know about arousal non-concordance. They feel like there's something wrong with them or they were to blame for the sexual abuse. But, in fact, there's nothing wrong with them at all and they're not to blame.

Everyone is different. Some people who were abused feel ashamed and guilty about getting aroused by the memories.

Other people accept their arousal as a common experience and they're not bothered by it.  

Other people incorporate their earlier experience in a roleplay with a partner to feel empoweredIn other words, when the original experience occurred, they had no control over what was happening to them. But in a roleplay with a partner they use their imagination to feel in control and they experience a different outcome

In that sense, the roleplay becomes healing for them.

Getting Help in Therapy
Most licensed mental health professionals have no sex therapy training and don't understand arousal non-concordance.

Getting Help in Therapy

If you want to work through issues around arousal non-concordance, including a history of trauma, you need to work with a psychotherapist who has training in both sex therapy and trauma therapy.

Rather than struggling on your own, seek help from a psychotherapist who has the expertise you need so you can live a more fulfilling life.

About Me
I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples), Somatic Experiencing and Sex Therapist.

With over 20 years of experience, I have helped individual adults and couples to resolve sexual and/or trauma-related issues (see my article: What Are Common Issues Discussed in Sex Therapy?).

To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.












Monday, January 20, 2025

What Are Ravishment Fantasies?

According to social psychologist and sex researcher Justin Lehmiller, ravishment fantasies are common (see my articles: The 7 Core Sexual Fantasies and It's Normal and Common to Have Sexual Fantasies).

Ravishment Fantasies

Based on Dr. Lehmiller's sex research:
  • 61% of women fantasize about being ravished (24% of these women fantasize about it often)
  • 54% of men fantasize about being ravished (11.5% of these men fantasize about it often)
  • 68% of people who identify as nonbinary fantasize about ravishment (31% fantasize about it often)
What Are Ravishment Fantasies?
Since these fantasies are so common, I think it's worthwhile to explore them in the current article.


Ravishment Fantasies

According to Dr. Lehmiller and other sex experts, ravishment fantasies are thoughts about being "forced" to have sex.

It's important to note there's a big difference between wanting to be forced to have sex in reality and fantasizing about it.  These fantasies are not wishes to be sexually assaulted (see my article: Are You Afraid to Share Your Sexual Fantasies With Your Partner?).

Who Tends to Have Fantasies About Being Ravished?
According to Dr. Lehmiller's research, people who have ravishment fantasies tend to:
  • Have a very active imagination
  • Have an unrestricted sociosexual orientation. They have the ability to see sex and emotion as separate. They can distinguish sexual acts from emotions.
Ravishment Fantasies
  • Be sensation-seeking individuals who have a greater need for sexual excitement and thrill seeking
Sexual Roleplay
Many people who enjoy ravishment fantasies like to engage in forced sexual roleplay with their partner(s) (see my article: What Are the Benefits of Sexual Roleplay?).

Sexual roleplay that involves ravishment has the illusion of nonconsent as part of the fantasy, but consent is a crucial part of these roleplays. 

This is often described as consensual nonconsent where individuals act out a pre-agreed upon nonconsensual situation. In other words, even though they are roleplaying a forced sex scene, everything has been agreed to beforehand.

Ravishment and Sexual Roleplay

To engage in roleplay that involves ravishment, it's important to have:
  • Communication beforehand about what is and is not acceptable to the individuals involved
  • Enthusiastic consent for whatever is agreed to by all participants
  • A safeword
Romance Novels and Ravishment Fantasies
Many women (and some men), who might never participate in a sexual roleplay or a ravishment fantasy, enjoy reading romance novels or erotica that include ravishment.

Romance Novels and Ravishment Fantasies

These romance novels allow people to experience the sexual excitement and thrill of ravishment vicariously without actively participating themselves.

Getting Help in Sex Therapy
It's common for individuals in a relationship to have different likes and dislikes when it comes to sex (see my article: What is Sex Therapy?).

If you're in a relationship where you and your partner are having problems with intimacy, you could benefit from working with a skilled sex therapist (see my article: What Are Common Misconceptions About Sex Therapy?).

Rather than struggling on your own, seek help from a certified sex therapist so you can have a more meaningful and pleasurable sex life (see my article: What Are Common Issues Discussed in Sex Therapy?).

About Me
I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples), Somatic Experiencing and Certified Sex Therapist.

I work with individual adults and couples in person and online.

To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.











Self Care During Turbulent Times

Self care is important in the best of times, but it's especially important during turbulent and stressful times whether it involves stress in your personal life or beyond (see my article: Post Election Stress and Anxiety).

Self Care During Turbulent Times

Many people think self care is selfish, but this couldn't be further from the truth. 

In fact, self care is essential to everyone's well-being (see my article: Is Self Care Selfish?).

What Does Self Care During Turbulent Times Mean?
Self care during turbulent and stressful times means engaging in behavior that prioritizes your physical and emotional health including:
  • Health Eating: Nutritious meals and good hydration
Self Care: Good Sleep
Self Care: Meditation and Breathing Exercises

Self Care: Journaling

Self Care: Maintaining Social Connections

How to Approach New Self Care Habits
  • Be Flexible: New habits can take a while to develop, so strive to be consistent, but also be flexible instead of trying to be perfect (see my article:  Overcoming Perfectionism).
Self Care: Be Flexible and Start Small

  • Start Small: Start small and progress in a manageable way over time. 
Getting Help in Therapy
If you're struggling with problems you have been unable to resolve on your own, seek help from a licensed mental health professional.

Getting Help in Therapy

A skilled psychotherapist can help you to work through unresolved issues, so rather than struggling on your own, seek help so you can lead a more meaningful life.


About Me
I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples), Somatic Experiencing and Sex Therapist.

I work with individual adults and couples.

    See my article: What is a Trauma Therapist?

To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.






 

Friday, January 17, 2025

Emotional Regulation: What is the Difference Between Being Calm and Being Emotionally Numb?

Over the years, working with clients who have unresolved trauma, I have discovered that many people don't understand the difference between being calm and being emotionally numb (see my article: What is Emotional Regulation?).

Emotional Regulation: Calmness vs Emotional Numbing

Even clients who meditate on a regular basis often think they're calm when, in reality, they're emotional numb. 

So, I think it's worthwhile to provide information about the difference between being calm and being numb in the current article (see my article: How to Manage Emotions Without Suppressing Them).

What is the Difference Between Being Calm and Being Emotionally Numb?
There is a big difference between the state of being calm and the state of being emotionally numb:

Calmness:
  • A conscious effort to relax, center and ground yourself
Calmness
  • A state of peace and serenity
  • An ability to be aware, acknowledge and manage emotions in an healthy way
Emotional Numbness:
  • A unconscious coping mechanism to avoid overwhelming emotions
  • A feeling of being emotionally detached, shut down, empty
  • An inability to feel positive or negative emotions 
Emotional Numbness
  • An experience of physical and/or emotional flatness
  • The potential to lose interest in people and activities that were enjoyable before
  • An impaired ability to fully participate in life
  • A usual preference for being alone rather than being with others
Note: You don't have to experience all of these symptoms to be emotionally numb.

What Causes Emotional Numbness?
Emotional numbness is usually an unconscious strategy or defense mechanism for coping with overwhelming emotion.

Emotional numbing can develop at any time in life. 

It often develops at an early age when children are in situations that are emotionally overwhelming (e.g., chaotic home life, emotional and/or physical abuse and so on).

Emotional Numbness

Although this unconscious strategy can help a child to survive in an emotionally unhealthy environment because they don't get too overwhelmed, it becomes a hindrance when these children become adults.

As adults, these individuals often have difficulty knowing what they feel about themselves and others. They might also experience difficulty connecting emotionally with others so that even if part of them wants to connect with others, another part of them is afraid.  

These internal parts tend to create conflict between their desire and their dread for connection (see my article: An Emotional Dilemma: Wanting and Dreading Love).

As mentioned earlier, unresolved trauma often plays of significant role for people who are emotionally numb.

Clinical Vignette
The following clinical vignette, which is a composite of many cases, illustrates how emotional numbness creates problems in a relationship and how trauma therapy can help:

Alexa
During the early stage of Alexa's relationship with Jim, she enjoyed getting to know him and spending time with him.

Problems developed after the honeymoon stage of their relationship.

Alexa and Jim

Prior to that, Alexa was aware of her emotions. She also enjoyed sex with Jim.  

However, after the initial stage of their relationship, as they became more emotionally intimate, Alexa felt emotionally and physically flat. She also felt disconnected from Jim.

After she sought help in trauma therapy, Alexa became aware of how her early history of emotional neglect and sexual abuse affected her ability to be emotionally and sexually available with Jim.

Her family history included growing up with parents who were emotionally distant from her. 

In addition, from the age of 10-13, she was sexually abused by her father's brother who took care of Alexa when her parents went out in the evenings.

Whenever her uncle came into her bedroom at night and fondled her, Alexa would freeze and dissociate (i.e., zone out).

In other words, she would become emotionally numb as an unconscious way to protect herself from the abuse.

Even when Alexa told her parents about the uncle's sexual abuse, they didn't know how to deal with it because they were intimidated by the father's brother because he was the  oldest brother and he tended to dominate Alexa's father.

As a result, although her parents stopped asking the uncle to take care of Alexa, they never confronted him, so he faced no consequences for the abuse. 

It wasn't until the uncle abused his neighbors' young daughter that he faced legal consequences after his neighbors reported him to the police and he was arrested. 

During her trauma therapy, Alexa processed her unresolved trauma with a combination of EMDR TherapySomatic Experiencing and Parts Work Therapy.

The work involved the abuse by the uncle as well as her parents' neglect.

The work was neither quick nor easy but, over time, Alexa processed the trauma and she was able to be more emotionally self aware and present with Jim.  

Alexa and Jim also sought help in sex therapy to help them both to overcome their sexual problems so they could enjoy sex again.

Conclusion
There is a big difference between being calm and being emotionally numb.

Emotional numbness is often a survival strategy to ward off overwhelming emotions related to unresolved trauma.

Trauma therapy can help clients to work through unresolved trauma. 

Everyone is different in terms of how they process trauma. 

How long trauma therapy takes often depends on many factors, including the depth and complexity of the trauma as well as a client's internal resources and ability to process the trauma.

When there is a history of sexual abuse which affects a relationship, sex therapy is often helpful to assist clients to connect emotionally and sexually in a way that feels safe and pleasurable for both of them (see my article: What is Sex Therapy?).

Getting Help in Therapy
If you're struggling with unresolved trauma, rather than struggling on your own, seek help from a licensed mental health professional who has the training and expertise to help you.

Working through trauma helps to free you from your history so you can live a more fulfilling life.

About Me
I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples), Somatic Experiencing and Sex Therapist.

I work with individual adults and couples.

With over 20 years of experience, I have helped many clients to overcome trauma, including sexually related trauma (see my article: What is a Trauma Therapist?).

To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.













Wednesday, January 15, 2025

Communication: Are You Uncomfortable Talking to Your Partner About Certain Topics?

As a couples therapist and certified sex therapist in New York City, I meet with many individuals and couples where one partner feels threatened by the other partner's thoughts and fantasies about other people.

Talking About Fantasies

Usually the partner who feels uncomfortable believes their partner shouldn't need to think about someone else.  This often results in arguments and power struggles with the first partner feeling threatened and the other partner feeling intruded upon.

Psychoeducation About Sexual Thoughts and Fantasies
When I work with clients who are struggling with this problem, after I assess that there is no active infidelity, I provide psychoeducation about thoughts and fantasies:
  • Thoughts and fantasies aren't reality.
  • Thoughts and fantasies don't necessarily indicate intentions and real life experiences.  Thoughts are just thoughts--they're not facts.
  • Thoughts and fantasies about other people have nothing to do with you. These thoughts don't mean your partner doesn't care about you or they aren't turned on by you.

Talking About Fantasies
  • Romantic and sexual thoughts and fantasies often come unbidden and they usually have little or nothing to do with the actual person your partner is fantasizing about.
  • Respect each other's personal boundaries and privacy: If hearing about your partner's fantasies about other people makes you feel uncomfortable, let your partner know. And if you're the one who wants to share fantasies about someone else and you know your partner is uncomfortable with it, don't talk about it (see my article: Setting Healthy Boundaries in Relationships).
  • If your insecurity about your partner's fantasies are rooted in earlier problems (e.g., unresolved childhood trauma or prior infidelity), get help from a licensed mental health professional who has expertise in this area.
Clinical Vignette
The following clinical vignette, which is a composite of many cases, illustrates how a couple can work through this issue in couples/sex therapy. (Note: Even though the vignette below discusses a heterosexual couple with heteronormative dynamics, this is also a common problem in LGBTQ+ relationships too).

Nan and Bill
Nan and Bill were married and in a monogamous relationship for 10 years. They were both happy with their sex life, but Nan didn't like when Bill shared his sexual fantasies about other women.  

Whenever Nan heard Bill talk about random women he fantasized about, she felt insecure and wondered if he felt she wasn't enough for him.

Her insecurity was exacerbated by her family history where her father often compared her  unfavorably to her older sister (see my article: Reacting to Your Present Circumstances Based on Your Traumatic Past).

Her father would praise her older sister's grades, her athletic ability and her ease with making friends. He would often say, "Why can't you be more like your sister?"

When she was a child, Nan struggled to get good grades, so every time her father criticized her and praised her sister, Nan felt diminished and insecure.

Bill thought sharing his sexual fantasies with Nan would spice up their sex life. He said he had no intention of actually having sex with any of the women he fantasized about and he had never cheated before.

After Bill realized that Nan was uncomfortable with his fantasies, he stopped sharing them.  But, by that time, Nan couldn't stop wondering about his fantasies about other women. 

Even though she knew she would feel uncomfortable, she would frequently ask him if he was still fantasizing about others. It was as if she couldn't stop herself from asking.

Bill didn't want to hurt Nan, so he would reassure her that he loved her very much and, whatever thoughts he might have about other women, had nothing to do with her or their relationship.  

But no amount of reassurance from Bill helped Nan to feel secure.  She trusted Bill and she knew he wouldn't cheat on her, but she couldn't stop asking him about his thoughts.

After a few months of arguing, Bill and Nan sought help from a couples therapist who was also a sex therapist. 

After getting a thorough family and relationship history for Bill and Nan, the therapist realized that Nan's problem with Bill's fantasies were rooted in her history.

The therapist helped Nan to become aware of her insecurity and separate her unresolved childhood trauma from her relationship with Bill. Nan also sought help in trauma therapy to work through the unresolved childhood trauma.

Nan and Bill Talking About Fantasies

After a while, Nan realized she also had fantasies about other men and some women.  Before attending sex therapy, she never allowed these fantasies to go far in her mind because she felt guilty about them. 

But, once Nan realized that Bill got sexually aroused by her fantasies, she shared them with him. At that point, she wanted to hear Bill's fantasies because, after she got over her insecurities, she also got turned on by them and these fantasies enlivened their sex life.

Conclusion
Everyone is different when it comes to sharing and hearing about fantasies.  

For a variety of reasons, some people feel uncomfortable and other people get turned on. 

Talking to Your Partner About Fantasies

Both reactions are equally valid. So, it's important to know yourself and your partner enough to know what works for you as a couple.

If knowing that your partner's fantasizes about other people makes you feel insecure, you would  benefit from knowing whether this insecurity is rooted in earlier experiences--like Nan in the composite vignette above.  If so, seeking help in therapy for the issues that are getting triggered will help you.  

Similarly, if you feel guilty about having sexual thoughts and fantasies about someone--even though you know you would never act on these thoughts--you could be feeling guilty because you mistakenly believe these thoughts mean you're cheating.  This kind of guilt is often rooted in earlier issues.

Above all, know yourself, know your partner and respect each other's boundaries. If you don't feel comfortable sharing sexual fantasies about others, you have a right to keep your private thoughts private. And if you're okay with your partner having sexual fantasies but you don't want to hear about them, you have a right to set a limit with your partner.

Getting Help in Couples/Sex Therapy
Power struggles about sexual thoughts and fantasies are common in many relationships, but if this issue is creating a problem in your relationship, seek help from a licensed mental health professional who has training and expertise in this area.

Rather than struggling with a problem that could erode your relationship over time, seek help sooner rather than later.

Once you and your partner have worked through these problems, you can have a more fulfilling relationship.

About Me
I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples), Somatic Experiencing and certified Sex Therapist.

With over 20 years of experience, I have helped many individual adults and couples to work  through their problems, including unresolved trauma (see my article: What is a Trauma Therapist?).

To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.