Follow

Translate

NYC Psychotherapist Blog

power by WikipediaMindmap
Showing posts with label stress. Show all posts
Showing posts with label stress. Show all posts

Monday, June 30, 2025

What is Hypervigilance and How is it Related to Unresolved Psychological Trauma?

Hypervigilance is a heightened state of awareness that allows humans to sense threats in their environment.

Hypervigilance and Psychological Trauma

People who are in a perpetual state of hypervigilance feel like they are constantly under a threat.  The part of the human brain that manages emotions, the amygdala, is in overdrive.

What Causes Hypervigilance?
This article focuses on psychological trauma. However, there are other potential mental and physical causes of hypervigilance including:
  • Dementia
  • Adrenal Disorders
  • Fibromyalgia 
Hypervigilance and Unresolved Childhood Trauma
Children who grow up in a dysfunctional family where parents might be unpredictable, violent, abusing substances, physically abusive or neglectful learn to be hypervigilant as an unconscious survival strategy. They learn to sense their parents' shifting moods so they can be ready at all times to protect their safety.

Hypervigilance and Unresolved Childhood Trauma

Without help in therapy, these traumatized children usually grow up to be traumatized adults and they continue to be hypervigilant in their surroundings.

Examples of Hypervigilance in Adults
  • Hypervigilance to Their Surroundings: People who grew up in an abusive family or who experienced abusive relationships as an adult might have a strong startle response reflex where they are startled by the slightest sound or movement.
  • Hypervigilance to Other People's Thoughts, Feelings and Behavior: People who experience hypervigilance might be very observant of other people's thoughts, feelings, behavior and body language for any signs of change or potential danger.
  • Hypervigilance of Their Own Body: People who experience serious medical problems or who have someone close to them who have experienced serious medical problems are often hypervigilant of their own body. A minor experience of pain might be perceived as a catastrophic disease.
Hypervigilance and Catastrophizinglo
  • Hypervigilance and Catastrophizing: People who are hypervigilant tend to create negative narratives in their mind which can spin out of control. Small things, like a friend not responding to a text immediately, can develop into a catastrophic story where the friend has died. Even when things are going well, people who are hypervigilant might find it difficult to enjoy happy times because they are always waiting for the other shoe to drop (see my article: Are You Catastrophizing?).
  • Hypervigilance and Insecurities: Since hypervigilance is mostly about preventing or avoiding potential threats, people who are hypervigilant might attempt to ward off threats by people pleasing or fawning. They might struggle with regulating their emotions or trusting others. They might have problems letting their guard down so they can relax or they might be fearful they will say or do the "wrong thing" (see my article: Trauma and the Fawn Response
  • Hypervigilance and Avoidant Behavior: People who struggle with hypervigilance can be avoidant in ways that are detrimental to themselves and others. They might avoid people, places and things they fear. This can cause problems in their personal life as well as their career. For instance, if they experience minor turbulence on a plane trip, they might avoid ever getting on a plane again--even if it means they won't see close friends or family members or they might lose a job that involves travel. Another example is if someone is in a minor car accident where no one was hurt, they might avoid driving again--even if it means they can't visit people close to them or go to work.  A third example: If someone goes through a bad breakup, they might avoid dating or getting into another relationship. In other words, many other people, who don't experience hypervigilance, might be hesitant after having a bad relationship experience, but they learn to cope and they don't avoid.  In contrast, the person who is hypervigilant takes it to an extreme because it's their way of protecting themselves. However, in the process, they don't learn to cope or overcome their fears. They remain stuck (see my article: What is Avoidant Behavior?).
What is the Potential Physical and Psychological Impact of Hypervigilance?
People who experience hypervigilance might experience some or all of the following characteristics:
  • Chronic Stress: A constant flood of cortisol and adrenaline is exhausting and can cause medical, emotional and psychological problems.
Hypervigilance and Relationship Problems
  • Relationship Problems: While people who experience hypervigilance might be more aware of potential red flags in a relationship, they might also have problems getting close or trusting even in a healthy situation. They might be overly sensitive or emotionally overreactive to a partner's comments. Some people might avoid getting involved in relationships at all because o they fear getting hurt (see my article: How Trauma Can Affect Your Ability to Be Emotionally Vulnerable in a Romantic Relationship).
Hypervigilance, Loneliness and Isolaton
  • Loneliness and Isolation: A fear of making friends or seeking romantic relationships due to fear of getting hurt, can lead to isolation and loneliness (see my article: Loneliness and Social Isolation).
How to Cope With Hypervigilance
Here are some interventions that might be helpful to you:
Coping with Hypervigilance By Meditating
  • Limiting or Eliminating Coffee, Alcohol or Other Substances: If you notice you feel worse after drinking coffee or alcohol, consider either limiting your intake or eliminating these substances.
  • Seeking Help in Trauma Therapy: If you work with a trauma therapist, you can learn to: 
    • Learn to overcome your triggers
    • Work through the psychological trauma underlying your hypervigilance so you are free from your traumatic history
Getting Help in Trauma Therapy
Trauma therapy includes various types of therapy that were developed specifically to help people to overcome trauma. 

These include:
  • EMDR Therapy (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy)
  • AEDP (Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy)
When you work with a skilled trauma therapist, you can overcome hypervigilance and unresolved psychological trauma.

Getting Help in Trauma Therapy

Rather than struggling nn your own, seek help from a licensed mental health professional who is a trauma therapist so you can lead a more fulfilling life.

About Me
I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples) and Certified Sex Therapist.

I work with individual adults and couples (see my article: What is a Trauma Therapist?).

To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.

Also See My Articles:
































Wednesday, June 25, 2025

Relationships: Navigating Changes in Your Relationship as New Parents

Becoming new parents can be joyous and wonderful, but it can also be challenging to your relationship which can make you feel guilty.

Navigating Changes in Your Relationship as New Parents

The Challenges of Being New Parents
Some of the challenges of being a new parents are fairly well known:
  • Being sleep deprived especially during the first few months
  • Experiencing poor concentration due to lack of sleep
  • Losing patience with your partner and yourself
  • Feeling like you are not a "good enough" parent
  • Experiencing postpartum depression
Postpartum Depression
  • Feeling jealous that your partner pays more attention to the baby than to you
  • Feeling like you and your partner are neglecting your needs as a couple
  • Feeling the need to take a break from parenting
  • Realizing you and your partner have different parenting styles
  • Feeling like you have lost control of your life, your relationship and your household
  • Listening to seemingly endless advice and childrearing stories from relatives and friends
Awareness and Acceptance That Your Relationship Has Changed
Before you had the baby, the two of you probably had more time to do whatever you wanted to do or to just relax at home.

The two of you could focus on yourself as individuals and your relationship as a couple. 

Before you had the baby, you probably knew your lives would change and you both would need to adjust, but knowing it and actually experiencing the changes are two different things.

Now, in addition to being a couple, you're both parents and parenting will take up most of your time and energy. You don't have as much time to nurture your relationship as you did before the baby because the baby's needs are the priority. 

In the past, when two or three generations lived close by, new parents had more help, but things have changed in recent years and many new parents don't have close relatives who can help. So, all the responsibilities of taking care of a baby fall on the new parents, which adds to their stress and anxiety.

All of these factors and more can have a negative impact on your relationship as you both realize how much your life has changed.

How to Navigate the Change to Your Relationship as New Parents
  • Develop open communication about how you feel about your new role as a parent and feelings it might bring up about your relationship.
  • Make time for each other, even in small ways. This can help you to maintain an emotional connection with each other.
  • Share responsibilities for the baby and other household responsibilities fairly (see my article: Sharing the Mental Load).
  • Reassess the need to shift responsibilities from time to time so neither of you feel resentful.
  • Be patient with yourself and each other as you both navigate these changes.
  • Get help from a licensed mental health professional if the changes have put a strain on your relationship.
Getting Help in Couples Therapy
Adding another commitment to your schedule might feel like the last thing you want to do with all your new responsibilities, but if your relationship is suffering due to all the new changes that parenthood brings, you could benefit from seeing a couples therapist to salvage your relationship.

A skilled couples therapist can help you to adjust to the changes to your relationship so you can approach the changes as a team.

Rather than waiting until your relationship problems get worse, seek help early so you can have a more fulfilling relationship.

About Me
I am a licensed New York City psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples), Somatic Experiencing and Sex Therapist.

I have over 20 years of experiencing helping individual adults and couples.

To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.






















 

Tuesday, June 24, 2025

Improving Your Relationship By Practicing Teamwork

Practicing teamwork in your relationship is essential to developing and maintaining relationships (see my article: Relationships: Are You Pulling Together or Pulling Apart?).

Improving Your Relationship By Practicing Teamwork

To practice teamwork, it's important for both you and your partner to feel you have each other's backs and you will tackle whatever issues come up together.

Focusing on being a team means you each give up some control and the need to be right all the time. It also means that you learn to compromise.

How to Practice Teamwork to Improve Your Relationship
The following dynamics are important to working together as a team in your relationship:
  • A Willingness to Start By Looking at How You Might Be Contributing to Problems in the Relationship: Before you can become a team, you need to be aware of dynamics in your relationship that are not working. Instead of pointing your finger at your partner, focus on yourself first and think about how you might be able to change to improve your relationship. This means letting go of keeping score of your partner's mistakes and making a commitment to make changes in your attitude and behavior.
Improving Your Relationship By Practicing Teamwork
  • Trusting You Have Each Other's Backs and You're Willing to Compromise: You are two different people so, naturally, you're not going to feel the same way about everything, but when it comes to resolving problems, you can agree to work as a team to come up with a compromise. You're not focused on getting your way. Instead your focus is on coming up with the best possible compromise that you both can live with.  This means you might not get everything you want, but your focus is on strengthening your relationship. If there are current trust issues, you're willing to work on these issues to strengthen your relationship (see my article: How to Build Trust and Connection in Your Relationship).
Improving Your Relationship By Practicing Teamwork
  • Coming Together to Focus on the Problem Instead of Blaming Each Other: When you approach problems as a team, you avoid blaming each other for the problems and, instead, you focus on the problems together. It means you and your partner approach difficult situations together to come up with potential solutions or compromises. This might include:
    • Emotional pressures
    • Other issues
  • Communicating in An Open, Honest and Respectful Manner: This includes: 
    • Active listening to your partner's perspective--even if it's different from your own
    • Taking turns speaking without interrupting, judging or criticizing each other
Improving Your Relationship By Practicing Teamwork
    • Being clear about your own hopes and dreams for the relationship--even if it's different from your partner's hopes and dreams
  • Developing Clear Expectations: Once you have established common goals for the relationship, you need to discuss how you will accomplish these goals and get clear about each other's expectations with regard to each of your roles and responsibilities to avoid confusion and resentment.
  • Celebrating Your Successes: When you have successfully taken a step towards accomplishing your goals, recognize and celebrate this success together.
Improving Your Relationship By Practicing Teamwork
  • Providing Emotional Support to Each Other: Practicing teamwork includes being each other's source of emotional support. You are each other's "rock" in good and challenging times (see my article: What Do You Need to Feel Closer to Your Partner?).
  • Expressing Your Appreciation For Each Other: It's easy to take each other for granted especially if you have been together for a while. Take the time to express your appreciation to each other so you each feel valued and loved (see my article: The Importance of Expressing Gratitude To Your Partner).
  • Repairing Ruptures Between the Two of You Sooner Rather Than Later: When arguments or conflicts arise and you know you made a mistake or hurt your partner, be willing to apologize to repair the rupture between the two of you as quickly as possible. Certain ruptures might take a while to repair, but the sooner you address them, the more likely you will be to repair whatever hurt or angry feelings there might be without the growing resentment that often develops over time (see my articles: How to Deal With Resentment in Your Relationship and Stages of Forgiveness).
  • Get Help in Couples Therapy: If you are unable to come together as a team, you could benefit from getting help in couples therapy to work on these issues. A skilled couples therapist can help you so you can have a more fulfilling relationship (see my article: What is Emotionally Focused Therapy For Couples?).
About Me
I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples), Somatic Experiencing and Sex Therapist.

I have over 20 years of experience working with individual adults and couples.

To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.

Also See My Articles:















 

Sunday, May 11, 2025

Why Are Close Friendships Important?

According to a 2021 American Perspectives Survey, Americans tend to have fewer close friends in recent years than they did in years past (see my article: Overcoming Loneliness and Social Isolation).

The survey also found that Americans talk to friends less often and rely on friends less for emotional support than they did in the past (see my article: Emotional Support From Your Family of Choice).


Close Friends Are Important For Your Overall Well-Being

According to the survey, there are reasons for this, including:
  • Americans are more mobile than they were before so this makes it difficult to maintain friendships with the consistency that these relationships need.
  • Americans are working and traveling more for work which doesn't leave time to develop and foster friendships.
  • American parents are spending more time with their children than previous generations so this doesn't allow much time for friendships.
Why Are Close Friendships Important to Your Mental Health?
Close friendships can improve mental health because friendships:
  • Reduce Loneliness and Social Isolation: Spending time with friends can help prevent loneliness and social isolation which can have mental health benefits.
Close Friends Are Important For Your Overall Well-Being

  • Increase Happiness and Satisfaction with Life: Close friends can contribute to overall happiness and satisfaction with life.
  • Help With Personal Growth: Friendships can challenge you to learn, grow and become a better version of yourself.
Why Are Close Friendship Important for Your Physical Health?
Close friendships can improve your physical health benefits because friendships can:
  • Improve Cardiovascular Health: Having supportive friends can contribute to having healthier blood pressure and reduce the risk of cardiovascular problems.
Close Friendships Are Important to Your Overall Well-Being
  • Enhance Immune Functions: Social support from friends can potentially enhance immune functions which reduce the risk of illness.
  • Help Increase Life Expectancy: Studies have indicated that people with strong social connections tend to live longer.
Future Articles:
I'll continue to explore the importance of friendships in future articles.

About Me
I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples), Somatic Experiencing and Sex Therapist.

I have over 20 years of experience helping individual adults and couples.

To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.




























Thursday, February 6, 2025

Why Do People Go to Therapy?

When I was 18 years old, I sought help in therapy to deal with certain issues I was struggling with at the time. 

I'll never forget our family doctor's response when I told him that I started therapy: "Why are you going to therapy? Do you think you're a movie star?" 
Why Do People Go to Therapy?


I knew he was trying to make light of a subject that made him feel uncomfortable but, even back then, as a teenager, I realized his response was unenlightened and behind the times. 

I would like to think people are better informed now, but I still hear from clients in my psychotherapy private practice that their friends and family respond negatively when they hear about therapy: 

"Why are you going to therapy?" 
"Therapy is for crazy people. You're not crazy"
"You must be weak if you going to therapy" and so on 
    
        See my articles below about common misconceptions about therapy.

So, after hearing these remarks many times, I thought it would be worthwhile to write about the reasons why people go to therapy. I'm hoping this article can help to normalize the therapy process.

Why Do People Attend Psychotherapy?
People attend therapy for a variety of reasons including but not limited to:
  • Personal Growth: Many people seek help in therapy to develop self awareness and self reflective capacity. Self reflective capacity is the ability to examine, analyze and evaluate your thoughts, feelings and behavior.  This includes the capacity to reflect on your inner emotional and psychological world to understand the ways you feel, think and behave. This allows you to make changes in the way you see yourself and how you interact with others (see my article: The Growth Mindset vs the Fixed Mindset).
Going to Therapy For Personal Growth
  • Unresolved Trauma: Unresolved trauma often has a negative impact on day-to-day interactions with loved ones or colleagues. Getting help in trauma therapy can help to overcome trauma. Note: Trauma can be a one-time event or it can occur over time such as unresolved childhood abuse or neglect.
                      See my articles:
Going to Therapy to Overcome Trauma
  • Relationship Issues: People who seek individual therapy or couples therapy to work on relationship issues often find they benefit from therapy and they have more fulfilling relationships. Also, some couples want to work on having an amicable separation or divorce or help on how to co-parent in a healthy way ,

Going to Therapy For Relationship Problems

  • Low Self Esteem: Problems with low self esteem can have a negative impact on all areas of life. People who attend therapy can develop a healthy sense of self (see my article: What is Low Self Esteem?).
  • Sexual Problems: Individual clients and people in relationships benefit from seeking help in sex therapy to overcome sexual problems.
                See my articles: 
    • Grief: Even though grief is a common experience for everyone at some point, grief can be overwhelming especially if people don't know how to grieve or they experience complicated grief.
    Going to Therapy For Grief Work
    Going to Therapy For Work-Life Balance

    Going to Therapy to Manage Emotions

    Common Misconceptions About Therapy
    Generally, people are better informed about psychotherapy than in the past, but there is still a stigma among people who don't understand therapy.

    I have included links below for the most common misconceptions about therapy:




    Getting Help in Therapy
    People seek help in therapy for many different reasons.

    Getting Help in Therapy

    Whether you're considering therapy for your personal growth or you have problems you have been unable to cope with on your own, you could benefit from working with a skilled psychotherapist.

    Rather than struggling on your own, seek help from a licensed mental health professional so you can live a more fulfilling life.

    About Me
    I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples), Somatic Experiencing and Sex Therapist.

    With over 20 years of experience, I have helped many individual adults and couples (see my article: What is a Trauma Therapist?).

    To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

    To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.























    Wednesday, February 5, 2025

    How to Cope With News Anxiety

    Do you feel overwhelmed by the news? (see my article: Living With Uncertainty).

    Coping With News Anxiety

    If you do, you're not alone. 

    I'm hearing about news anxiety from almost everyone I know who is anxious about what they're hearing on the news (see my article:  Self Care During Turbulent Times).

    How News Anxiety Can Affect You
    News anxiety can affect your mental health in many ways including:
    • Feeling frustrated, powerless and helpless
    • Having sleep problem (see my article: Tips to Improve Your Sleep)
    • Feeling depressed
    • Feeling anxious
    • Anxiety-related health problems
    • Over or under-eating
    • Other anxiety-related symptoms
    How to Cope With News Anxiety
    Make Self Care a Priority
      • Taking a relaxing bath
      • Reading or listening to a book you like
      • Enjoying your favorite movie, podcast or TV program
      • Engaging in hobbies you enjoy
    Staying Physically Active
    • Choose a Reliable Source of Information: Use good judgment when you're selecting your news source. Choose a news source which is known to be reliable. Don't rely solely on social media because there's a lot of misinformation on social media.
    • Limit the Time You Watch or Listen to the News: It's important to be well informed, but that doesn't mean listening or watching the news for hours. In many cases, the same news is being rebroadcast over and over again. That means that you're watching or listening to the same disturbing information multiple times and possibly seeing the same disturbing images. 
    • Avoid Doomscrolling: Don't spend a lot of time scrolling negative posts on social media. 
    Put Your Phone Away at Night to Get Better Sleep
    • Turn Your Phone Off and Put It Away at Night: Have a wind down routine before going to sleep. Scrolling on your phone, texting or reading or listening to the news at night when you need to relax can make you anxious and keep you up. Turn off your phone and put it away so you can get the rest you need.
    • Try to Find Positive News Story: While it's true that there's lots of bad news, there are also positive stories. Try to find positive and inspiring stories so you don't feel like everything is doomed.
    • Maintain Positive Social Connections: It's easy to feel alone and overwhelmed by the news, so it's important to stay connected with friends and loved ones. If you can't see them in person, give them a call or meet online.  
    Maintain Positive Social Connections
    • Get Involved to Feel Empowered and Make a Difference: There are many positive advocacy and social justice organizations where you can donate your time and money. Find the ones you like and find out what they're doing to overcome problems. When you get involved, you're can make a difference. When you feel you're making a difference, you're less likely to feel helpless and hopeless. You will also be around other like-minded people so you won't feel alone.
    Get Involved to Feel Empowered
    • Be Aware That the News Might Be Triggering Unresolved Trauma: If you have unresolved trauma, listening to disturbing news can not only increase your anxiety--it can also trigger unresolved trauma. This can increase feelings of anxiety, hopelessness and helplessness. If this is happening to you, you could benefit from working with a trauma therapist to resolve your trauma so it no longer gets triggered (see my article: How Does Trauma Therapy Work?).
    Getting Help in Therapy
    News anxiety can have a negative impact on your mental health including triggering unresolved trauma. 

    Get Help in Therapy

    If unresolved trauma is getting triggered, you could benefit from working with a trauma therapist.

    Rather than struggling on your own, seek help from a licensed mental health professional who has the training and expertise to help you to overcome unresolved trauma so you can lead a more fulfilling life free of your trauma.


    About Me
    I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples), Somatic Experiencing and Sex Therapist.

    I work with individual adults and couples.

    As a trauma therapist with over 20 years of expertise, I have helped many clients to overcome trauma (see my article: What is a Trauma Therapist?).

    To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

    To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.