What is Traumatic Reenactment?

As a trauma therapist who helps clients to work through unresolved trauma, I see many instances of traumatic reenactment, so it's an important topic to address.

Traumatic Reenactment

What is Traumatic Reenactment?

Traumatic reenactment is the unconscious tendency to recreate or repeat the circumstances of past trauma in order to gain a sense of mastery or control over of the situation.

Traumatic reenactment can involve (but is not limited to):

• Abusive relationships
• Engaging in self harm
• Repeatedly putting oneself in triggering situations

Traumatic reenactment occurs because the unconscious mind is attempting to work through and resolve the original trauma--even if this leads to further harm.

What Are Other Terms For Traumatic Reenactment?

Other terms for traumatic reenactment include:

• Repetition compulsion: This term was coined by Sigmund Freud. It refers to an unconscious drive to repeat a past event, particularly traumatic or painful events, in the hope of achieving a different outcome this time around.

• Compulsive repetition: This term emphasizes the involuntary and often irrational nature of repeating behaviors associated with trauma or past painful events.

Traumatic Reenactment

• Enactments: This is a broader term that can refer to the act of re-experiencing or recreating a past traumatic event through behavior, especially in personal relationships as well as in therapy.

• Somatic reenactment: This is a term used in the context of PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder). It refers to symptoms that physically reproduce the mental content of the traumatic event, like flashbacks or nightmares.

• Dyadic traumatic reenactment: This term refers to how trauma is reenacted between two people. This usually involves people who are in an intimate relationship. It can trap people in a cycle of negative patterns.

What Are Examples of Traumatic Reenactment?

• Abusive Relationships: Recreating familiar harmful relationship dynamics from the past including choosing partners who are abusive or neglectful (see my article: Are You Unconsciously Choosing An Abuse Relationship to Fix Your Childhood?).

Traumatic Reenactment

• Risky Behaviors: Engaging in self harm or high-risk activities like substance abuse, gambling or overspending which can provide a temporary escape or a sense of mastery

• Triggering Situations: Deliberately or unconsciously seeking out people, environments or sensory triggers that remind them of the original experience

• Repetitive Life Patterns: Repeating negative life experiences that echo the original traumatic experience, even if the specific circumstances change

Why Do People Engage in Traumatic Reenactments?

• Unconscious Repetition: Traumatic memories are often stored in the body as implicit memories. Implicit memories are a collection of sensations and emotions rather than clear narratives. When a person,who has traumatic memories, feels unsafe later in life, their body can unconsciously replay the old narrative through behavior in order to seek a sense of completion. 

Traumatic Reenactment

• An Attempt at Mastery: Traumatic reenactment can be an attempt to master and have a sense of control over a situation where the person originally felt powerless. The unconscious hope is that by recreating the situation, the person can change the outcome this time around.

• Psychological Vulnerability: Trauma can lead to psychological vulnerabilities, such as an insecure attachment style or poor coping strategies, which can make a person more susceptible to revictimization.

Why is Traumatic Reenactment Harmful?

• Cycles of Self Harm or Self Sabotage: Although it might seem like an attempt to heal, traumatic reenactment without awareness often becomes a cycle of self harm and self sabotage (see my article: Overcoming Self Sabotaging Behavior).

Traumatic Reenactment

• Increased Risk: Traumatic reenactment can lead to revictimization where a person is harmed again and again by abuse that is similar to the original abuse.

• Lack of Genuine Healing: True healing does not come from repeating trauma. It begins by developing an awareness of the pattern and making conscious choices to stop the pattern and engage in healthier behavior.

Clinical Examples of Traumatic Reenactment

Traumatic Reenactment

• A Cycle of Emotionally Abusive Relationships: Nina grew up in an emotionally abusive household as a child. Her father was highly critical of her from the time she was a young child. Although her mother wasn't critical, she didn't intervene to stop the emotional abuse because she was intimidated by the father. As an adult, Nina unconsciously chose men who were emotionally abusive towards her. After a particularly abusive relationship and painful breakup, Nina sought help in therapy where she discovered her unconscious tendency to choose emotionally abusive men as a way to master her childhood trauma where she hoped for a different outcome in her relationships. As she worked on her traumatic childhood in trauma therapy, Nina learned how to stop repeating this pattern so she could be in healthier relationships (see my articles: Choosing Unhealthy Relationstips: Bad Luck or Poor Choices? and Learning From Past Relationships).

Traumatic Reenactment

• A Cycle of Overspending: John grew up in a family that was constantly on the brink of financial disaster. His father lost one job after another due to his bad temper. The mother attempted to pay the rent on her small salary, but they were constantly behind on rent payments. This lead to their being evicted several times until they had to live in an overcrowded apartment with John's aunt. As a child, John vowed to himself that he would never be in the same situation when he grew up. He studied hard and he did well in college. After he graduated college, he got a high paying job in the finance industry where he was able to support himself and help his parents. But, in an unconscious attempt to overcome his family history of poverty, he had a tendency to overspend on luxury items he didn't need. When, despite his high paying job, he was on the brink of bankruptcy, he knew he needed help so he sought help in therapy where he learned he was unconsciously repeating traumatic patterns from his childhood. Through a combination of EMDR Therapy and Parts Work Therapy, John was able to gain an better understanding of his behavior, stop overspending and heal his childhood trauma (see my article: Why is Family History Important in Psychotherapy?).

Aside from these examples, there are many other situations where people unconsciously repeat traumatic patterns from the past.

Conclusion

Traumatic reenactment is an unconscious tendency to recreate or repeat traumatic circumstances from the past in order to gain mastery over these dynamics.

Since these reenactments are unconscious, people who engage in traumatic reenactments often have no awareness or insight into their behavior so they continue to repeat these patterns. As a result, many people blame external circumstances or "bad luck" on why they keep finding themselves in certain situations. They don't realize they're recreating unresolved trauma from the past.

Awareness and a capacity for self reflection are the first steps in overcoming a pattern of traumatic reenactments. 

Getting Help in Therapy

The next step is finding a licensed mental health professional who has the training, skills and expertise in trauma therapy.

Trauma therapy includes:

• EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) Therapy

• AEDP (Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy)

• Parts Work Therapy (IFS and Ego States Therapy)

• Somatic Experiencing
  

A skilled trauma therapist can help you to become aware and change your behavior using the tools and strategies in trauma therapy so you can lead a more fulfilling life.

About Me

I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples), Somatic Experiencing and Certified Sex Therapist.

As a trauma therapist, I have helped many individual adults and couples to overcome trauma.

To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.

 

Overcoming Self-Sabotaging Behavior

Self-sabotaging behavior is a pattern of thoughts and behavior that can hinder your well-being, relationships, personal health and goals.

Overcoming Self-Sabotaging Behavior

Examples of Self-Sabotaging Behavior

Examples of self-sabotaging behavior include (but are not limited to):

• Procrastination
• Negative self talk
  
• Perfectionism
• Avoidance of opportunities

Overcoming Self-Sabotaging Behavior

• Avoidance of problem solving
• Substance abuse
• Relationship sabotage
• A pattern of choosing unhealthy relationships
• Overcommitting time and money

Why Do People Engage in Self-Sabotaging Behavior?

There can be many reasons why individuals engage in self sabotaging behavior including:

• Fear of failure, disappointment and rejection: Avoiding taking steps to prevent potential failure, disappointment and rejection

• Low self esteem: An individual's belief that they don't deserve to succeed or be happy

Overcoming Self-Sabotaging Behavior

• Fear of success: Success can come with additional stress and pressure

• Maladaptive coping: An unconscious strategy to avoid feeling vulnerable or avoid coping with unresolved trauma (see my article: Changing Maladaptive Coping Strategies: Avoidance)

• Cognitive dissonance: Behavior that aligns with a negative self perception to reduce inner conflict (see my article: Understanding the Negative Impact of Cognitive Dissonance For You and Your Loved Ones).

How Can You Stop Self-Sabotaging Behavior?

If you recognize a pattern of self-sabotaging behavior, it's best to work with a licensed mental health professional to help you to develop the necessary awareness, coping skills and strategies.

In addition to working with a therapist, here are some tips that might be helpful with certain types of self-sabotaging behavior:

• Examine the Root Causes: Look for self-sabotaging patterns in your life. Often, self-sabotaging behavior stems from earlier experiences or childhood trauma (see my article; How is Past Trauma Affecting You Now?).

• Stop Procrastinating: A common factor in procrastination includes lack of emotional regulation. Develop a strategy to take care of things as they come up so you don't fall behind in taking care of your responsibilities (see my article: Overcoming Procrastination).

Overcoming Self-Sabotaging Behavior

• Don't Make All-or Nothing-Decisions: For example, if you want to save more money, do it incrementally instead of saving your entire salary and then not having enough money to take care of rent, bills and daily expenses (see my article: Overcoming All-or-Nothing Thinking).

• Aim For Excellence and Not Perfection: This is closely related to all-or-nothing thinking. Make small improvements that further your goals rather than trying to achieve your goals all at once (see my article: Overcoming Perfectionism).

Psychotherapy For Self-Sabotaging Behavior

Self-sabotaging behavior can be difficult to change on your own.

Getting Help in Therapy

A licensed mental health professional, who has an expertise in helping clients to overcome self-sabotaging behavior, can help you to get to the root of your problems and provide you with tools and strategies to change.

People who engage in self-sabotaging behavior often wait until their situation is dire before they get help, so if you self sabotage, be aware that it's easier to get help sooner rather than later when your situation has turned into a crisis.

Getting help in therapy to overcome self-sabotaging behavior can make your life more manageable and fulfilling.

About Me

I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples), Parts Work (IFS and Ego States Therapy), Somatic Experiencing and Certified Sex Therapy.

I work with individual adults and couples and, as a trauma therapist, I have helped many clients to overcome self-sabotaging behavior. 

To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.

Accepting What You Cannot Change is a Form of Change

The Serenity Prayer was written by the American theologian Reinhold Niebuhr in the 1940s. The first part of the Serenity Prayer asks for the "serenity to accept the things I cannot change; courage to change the things I can; and wisdom to know the difference."

Accepting What You Cannot Change is a Form of Change

The Serenity Prayer provides a framework for dealing with life's challenges. The prayer fosters acceptance, courage and wisdom. It also encourages a shift in your focus from what you can't control to what you can control. This helps to relieve anxiety and promote a sense of peace and this is why it's used in 12 Step programs.

Accepting What You Cannot Change is a Form of Change

In addition, the Serenity Prayer can be an effective tool in any mental health treatment because it encourages mindfulness, taking action and finding comfort in a higher power or in a personal philosophy.

Why is Accepting What You Cannot Change is a Form of Change?

Accepting what you cannot change is a form of change because it helps you to shift your internal state from fighting what you cannot change (reality) to changing your perspective.  This frees you up to redirect your energy to what you can control.  

Accepting What You Cannot Change is a Form of Change

This shift in your perspective from struggling to acceptance creates the space to develop new goals, to find peace and build resilience--even though the external situation remains the same.

Clinical Vignette

The following clinical vignette, which is a composite of many cases, illustrates how accepting what cannot be changed is a form of change:

Jim

When Jim was growing up, his mother was deeply depressed. As a child, he took it upon himself to try to make her feel better by trying to comfort her, but she remained depressed no matter what he did.

His mother spent most of her time in bed because she was so overwhelmed by her depression. Jim's father didn't know how to deal with the mother's depression, so he buried himself in his work and spent as much time as he could at the office and on business trips to escape from the mother.

As an only child, Jim was often alone with his mother. Instead of going out to play with other children, Jim stayed home and laid next to his mother because it was the only way he connect to her emotionally and physically.

On the rare occasions when his mother felt a little better, he would play cards with her, watch her favorite TV shows or tell her jokes to try to make her laugh.

As a young child, he didn't realize that he was sacrificing so much of himself to try to enliven his mother--even though nothing he did helped (see my article: What is Self Abandonment?).

As an adult, Jim never gave up his wish to heal his mother. Although he realized on a certain level that there was nothing he could do for her, especially since she didn't want to get professional help, he kept trying to help her. The wish to help her mother remained strong for him.

Accepting What You Cannot Change is a Form of Change

Since he connected with his mother through her depression, he also felt depressed himself. When he sought help in therapy, initially, he focused on trying to find a way to help his mother.  

Over time, his therapist helped Jim to understand that he had abandoned himself at a young age and sacrificed his childhood by focusing on his mother. Although he realized he missed out on a lot as a child, he felt he couldn't let go of his wish to, somehow, find a way to cure his mother.

He had a strong wish to find just the right words or take the right action that would persuade his mother to get help. Even though he knew logically that he couldn't heal his mother and she probably wouldn't get better if she didn't want to get help, letting go of that wish was very challenging for him. He felt like giving up on that wish would make him disloyal to his mother. He also felt like he would lose the only connection he felt with his mother by giving up on helping her.

Over time, Jim learned to focus on himself more, but it wasn't easy. He developed more of a social life with friends. He began to date. He also developed interests and hobbies that were fulfilling to him.

Gradually, he stopped trying to convince his mother to go to therapy. This letting go brought a lot of grief that he dealt with in his therapy. 

His mother, who refused to get help in therapy, noticed that Jim wasn't trying to persuade her to get help anymore and she asked him why he stopped. He responded by telling her that he was learning to accept that if she didn't want to get help, he had no power to change her mind. 

They remained silent together for a few minutes as they both allowed that thought to sink in. Jim was surprised to hear himself say this and his mother was also surprised.

Jim recognized that by accepting what he couldn't change, he was shifting his perspective, even though it was very sad for him, and he was freeing himself emotionally and psychologically to find inner peace, pursue his own goals and personal growth.

Several weeks after he and his mother had their talk, his mother called him to say she realized she had focused a lot of her energy in pushing against his pleas for her to get help. Now that he was no longer trying to convince her and she was no longer focused on refusing to get help, she realized she needed help for her depression, so she made an appointment with a therapist who specialized in depression.

Jim worked in his therapy to overcome the trauma he took on when he took on his mother's depression as a child. His therapist used EMDR Therapy and Parts Work Therapy to help him to heal.

His work in therapy was neither quick nor easy, but he felt himself gradually coming alive in ways he had not experienced before. 

Conclusion

The Serenity Prayer encourages accepting the things that cannot be changed and this is a wise philosophy, but it's not always easy to know what can be changed and what cannot be changed. This is usually a process that each individual explores and comes to their own conclusions.

On a superficial level, accepting what cannot be changed is often seen as passive behavior--a kind of giving up as if the individual isn't doing anything. But the reality is that acceptance of what cannot be changed is an active process where individuals explore their inner world as well as the external world they're trying to change.

As in the vignette above, sometimes trying to change someone who is depressed or struggling with other psychological problems is a way of remaining emotionally attached to them. In the composite vignette above the only way for Jim, as a child, to have an emotional attachment with his mother was to remain immersed in her depression and to try to help her, which would have been impossible for a child.

The wish to try to change someone can be so strong that it eclipses everything else. The intention of the wish usually comes from a loving place, but it's often not realistic, especially if the other person doesn't want to be helped.

Getting to point of acceptance can be a long process, but it's an active process of self examination and coming to grips with reality.  This often involves working on longstanding unresolved trauma.

Getting Help in Trauma Therapy

If you're struggling with unresolved trauma, you could benefit from working with a trauma therapist.

Getting Help in Trauma Therapy

Rather than struggling on your own, seek help from a licensed mental health professional who specializes in trauma therapy.

Freeing yourself from a traumatic history can allow you to live a more fulfilling life.

About Me

I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, Parts Work (IFS and Ego States Therapy), EFT (for couples), Somatic Experiencing and Certified Sex Therapist.

As a trauma therapist, I have helped many individual adults and couples to overcome a traumatic history.

To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.

Coping With Separation Guilt as an Adult in a Traditional Family

Family loyalty is important in most families and it usually works best when there is flexibility for individuals to be loyal family members at the same time that there room for individual autonomy and personal growth (see my article: Being the Different One in Your Family).

Separation Guilt in a Traditional Family

Family loyalty usually includes:

• Being faithful and supportive of family members
• Being committed and trustworthy regarding family members
• Being emotionally present to offer support and encouragement during good times and bad
• Providing mutual support through life's challenges and successes
• Maintaining a shared identity

In addition to the above, a modern interpretation of family loyalty also includes:

• Challenging blind loyalty
• Setting healthy boundaries
• Prioritizing love over obligation (shifting from loyalty based on obligation to loyalty based on love, respect and mutual understanding)
• Encouraging personal growth (supporting each other's individual growth rather than demanding conformity)

Coping With Separation Guilt as an Adult in a Highly Traditional Family

Separation guilt is a psychological burden which occurs when individuals defy family expectations (see my article: Freeing Yourself From Family Expectations).

Separation Guilt in a Traditional Family

Defying family expectations is usually perceived by the family as being disloyal.

Key aspects of separation guilt for adult children can include:

• Breaching family expectations
• Perceived disloyalty to the family
• Emotional manipulation by family members (either consciously or unconsciously)
• Conflict with internalized beliefs 
• Fear and anxiety about being an individual in a family that expects conformity
• Fear of being ostracized from the family

This often leads to internalized conflict for individuals who prioritize their emotional and psychological well-being over family expectations.

In highly traditional families where family loyalty is prioritized over individual needs, family expectations can be spoken or unspoken and these expectations often include:

• Family obligations over individual independence, autonomy and personal growth
• A high degree of interdependence among family members where personal boundaries are blurred
• Conformity to established beliefs, traditions and values without question or deviation

How to Cope With Separation Guilt in a Highly Traditional Family

Coping with separation guilt can be very challenging.

Every situation will be different, but here are some tips that can be helpful:

• Identify and Acknowledge Your Feelings: Rather than suppressing your feelings, allow yourself to identify and acknowledge your feelings without judging them. This can include guilt, sadness, anxiety and shame.

• Explore the Root Cause of Your Guilt: Understand that feeling guilty doesn't mean you're wrong.  Assess the specific situation and the family traditions or beliefs that are causing the conflict within yourself.

• Recognize the Difference Between Guilt and Shame: Guilt is about a specific action and shame is about a more pervasive feeling about who you are as a person (see my article: What is the Difference Between Guilt and Shame?). Writing in a journal to clarify your thoughts and feelings can be helpful.

Separation Guilt in a Traditional Family

• Set Clear Boundaries: If you have decided to pursue a particular course of action that conflicts with your family's traditions and you know it is what is best for your own emotional and psychological well-being, recognize that this isn't a betrayal to your family--even though they might think it is. Clearly and respectfully communicate your needs to your family. Set clear boundaries with family members to protect your well-being (see my article: Setting Healthy Boundaries in an Enmeshed Family).

• Focus on Your Life: Focus on building a life that affirms your values and needs. Set new personal goals and spend time with people who are supportive.

• Find Emotional Support: Connect with supportive loved ones and/or join a support group for people in similar situations.

• Seek Professional Help: If you're having difficulty coping with separation guilt, consider working with a licensed mental health professional who can help you to navigate complex family dynamics.

Clinical Vignettes

The following examples of separation guilt are composites of many different cases:

• The Family Business: When Tom graduated college, he decided to pursue a career outside of the family business. Prior to making this decision, his highly traditional parents expected Tom to join the family business after graduation. When Tom told his parents about his decision, they were stunned. His father inherited the business from his father and grandfather. He was very disappointed because he expected Tom to take over one day and continue the family tradition. If Tom didn't join the family business, the business would have to be sold after the father retired. Although Tom felt anxious and sad about disappointing his parents, he knew he needed to follow his own path rather than conform to family expectations. Even though he felt separation guilt, Tom focused on his personal needs and goals with the support of friends and other family members. After a few rough years, Tom's parents conceded that he needed to follow his own dreams and they were able to reconcile.

• Religious Conversion: Ann was raised in a highly religious family. When she was a child, she adhered to her family's religious beliefs, but when she turned 21 and she was no longer living with her family, she questioned that religion. She also explored the possibility of other religions and discovered she liked Buddhism. When she spoke with her family about it, they were very upset. They couldn't believe she would abandon the family religion after all the sacrifices the family made to come to the United States for religious freedom. They were so upset that they refused to speak with her. Ann had never gone against her family and the estrangement caused her significant separation guilt. After she invited them to a few family therapy sessions, she was shocked that they forgave her. Although her family still wasn't happy that she wasn't practicing their religion, they agreed she was an adult, she could make her own decisions and they welcomed her back into the family.

• Racism: Jake was aware that his family was racist, but he hoped that once they met his girlfriend, Tania, they would grow to know and love her. He wasn't prepared for their anger and upset when they told him they didn't even want to meet her. Over time, they remained adamant and they refused to come to Jack and Tania's wedding. They told him that no one in their family had ever married anyone from a different race and they were appalled. On his wedding day, Jake had a heavy feeling in his heart because his family wasn't there, but he loved Tania and he wouldn't let his family stop him from marrying her. Two years later, his father had a massive heart attack. Although he survived, the heart attack took its toll. When Jake's sister called him, he and Tania went to the hospital to visit the father who was in a weakened state. When he saw Jake, he looked happy and he even extended his hand to Tania. He told Jake and Tania he was a foolish old man and it took a heart attack to make him realize he wanted them back in his life.

• Homophobia: Ben knew from the time he was a young boy that he was gay, but while he lived at home he kept his homosexuality a secret, which was painful for him. When he went away to college, he met the young man who became his life partner, Nick. For the year, Ben kept his relationship a secret from the family. During the holidays, Ben and Nick went home to each of their families, but the secret they were keeping was taking a toll on them. Two years into their relationship, Ben and Nick decided that it was more painful to keep their relationship a secret than it was to come out to each of their families. Nick knew his family would be accepting so when he came out to them and introduced them to Ben, they were warm and welcoming. Ben's family was a different story. They were very traditional and very conservative. He came out to his older brother first because he knew it would be easier. Although his brother was surprised, he told Ben he would always love him. But when Ben told his parents, they were very upset. His father told him to leave the family home and never come back. Although this was hurtful for Ben, he knew he was being true to himself and to Nick. Several years went by before Ben's brother was able to act as a go-between to try to bring about a reconciliation. By then, his parents had missed Ben a lot and their stance had softened somewhat. To help them understand his homosexuality, Ben gave them information about PFLAG, an organization for families of gay adult children and they began attending meetings. With the support of PFLAG, they decided they didn't want to be estranged from their son, so they invited Ben and Nick to a family dinner. Ben's father struggled to understand Ben's homosexuality and to accept his gay relationship, but he realized he loved his son and he didn't want to shun him anymore (see my article: Famly Estrangements Due to Homophobia, Biphobia and Transphobia).

Conclusion

Separation guilt often occurs when a family member defies family traditions and the family considers this to be disloyal.

The individual who experiences separation guilt might know logically that they are making the right personal decision for their own growth and happiness, but they can still feel guilty and ashamed for going against a family tradition.

Getting Help in Therapy

If you're experiencing separation guilt, you could use the support of a licensed mental health professional to help you to get through a difficult time.

Getting Help in Therapy

A skilled psychotherapist can help you to develop the tools and strategies to get through this difficult time.

Rather than struggling on your own, seek help in psychotherapy so you can live a more meaningful and fulfilling life.

About Me

I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, Parts Work (IFS and Ego States therapy), EFT (for couples), Somatic Experiencing and Certified Sex Therapist.

I work with individual adults and couples.

To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.

 

How to Avoid Bringing Old Wounds Into a New Relationship

Getting into a new relationship can be exciting and fun, but if you're bringing old wounds (also known as " emotional baggage") from a prior relationship into a new one, it can create a barrier to a trusting and genuine connection.

How to Avoid Bringing Old Wounds Into a New Relationship

What Does It Mean to Bring Old Wounds Into a New Relationship?

Old wounds from a prior relationship refers to unresolved issues including:

• Emotional issues
• Beliefs
• Habits

Examples of Bringing Old Wounds Into a New Relationship:

• Mistrust: A person who was cheated on in a prior relationship can have difficulty trusting a new partner--even when there's no reason to mistrust them.

• Fear of Abandonment: A person who was left in an unexpected way can become clingy and overly anxious in a new relationship (see my article: Overcoming Fear of Abandonment in Trauma Therapy).

• Poor Self Esteem: A person who was criticized and put down in a prior relationship can feel unworthy of experiencing love in a new relationship.

• Making Comparisons: If a person constantly compares their new partner to their old partner, this can lead to unnecessary conflict in the new relationship (see my article: Comparisons and Judgment Are the Thieves of Joy).

• Hiding Emotions: A person who was hurt when their feelings were used against them might become emotionally guarded and hide their emotions in their new relationship.

What is the Negative Impact of Bringing Old Wounds Into a New Relationship

Bringing old wounds into a new relationship creates problems because it can:

• Create Trigger Loops: Past experiences of betrayal or abandonment can cause specific triggers in a new relationship. Your partner might react with anxiety or fear to something relatively minor in your relationship. For instance, if you're mostly on time but one time you're a few minutes late to meet, your partner might get triggered if a prior partner had a lateness problem (see my article: Coping With Triggers).

• Build Walls: Unresolved pain from a prior relationship can build walls in your new relationship. This makes it harder to trust, communicate openly and feel connected with each other (see my article: How Therapy Can Help Bring Down the Wall You've Built Around Yourself).

How to Avoid Bringing Old Wounds Into a New Relationship

• Cause Fear: Old wounds can create a constant state of fear which isn't compatible with love. This fear can prevent you from being fully in the new relationship. It can also cause you to settle for less than what you deserve.

• Lead to Repeating Negative Patterns: If you don't resolve old issues from the past, you risk recreating them in the new relationship. If you mistake drama and chaos for love or find yourself in a negative cycle of conflict that feels familiar because it's the same negative patterns from the former relationship.

• Prevent You From Being Fully Present in the New Relationship: When you're constantly replaying old events from a former relationship, you're not fully present in the new relationship.  This can create distance in the new relationship and stop the new relationship from developing into a healthy connection.

• Distort Your Self Worth: Baggage from a prior relationship can make you question your sense of self worth. This can lead to accepting less than you deserve. It can also lead to sabotaging the new relationship.

• Prevents the New Relationship From Growing: If can be challenging to move forward when old baggage is holding you back.

How to Avoid Bringing Old Wounds Into a New Relationship

Here are some tips that might be helpful:

• Increase Self Awareness: Before you react, pause to identify what you're feeling and ask yourself if you're displacing old baggage onto the new relationship. Ask yourself if the situation might remind you of the hurt you experienced in a prior relationship. Are your feelings based on the past or the present situation? (see my article: Responding Instead of Reacting).

• Stay in the Present: Stay in the present moment rather than getting lost in the past. Mindfulness and grounding techniques can help you to stay in the present.

How to Avoid Bringing Old Wounds Into a New Relationship

• Practice Self Compassion: Be kind to yourself. Recognize that everyone has insecurities and it can take time to heal from old wounds (see my article: Compassionate Self Acceptance).

• Set Healthy Boundaries: Communicate to your new partner what is acceptable to you and what isn't. 

• Communicate Openly: Use "I" statements to communicate with your partner without blaming your partner, For example: "I feel scared when you distance yourself from me and you stop talking. It brings up old feelings of when I felt abandoned as a child."

How to Avoid Bringing Old Wounds Into a New Relationship

• Stop Comparing: Avoid comparing your new partner to your old partner. This is a new relationship and a new chapter in your life.

• Focus on Building Emotional Safety: Build emotional safety within your new relationship that includes active listening, emotional honesty and empathy (see my article: Creating a Safe Haven For Each Other).

• Get Professional Support: A skilled mental health professional can help you to process unresolved feelings from a prior relationship. She can also help you to develop healthier relationship patterns. 

Clinical Vignette

The following clinical vignette, which is a composite of many different cases, illustrates how old wounds can affect a new relationship and how therapy can help:

Jack

When Jack and Beth started dating, they had a wonderful time together during the first few months. But by their fourth month together, as the relationship became more emotionally intimate, problems began to surface.

Jack ended a prior two year relationship only a few weeks before he started dating Beth. His prior relationship with Alice was contentious and chaotic. They argued a lot and Beth cheated on Jack.

Jack found out that Beth was cheating with another man when Beth left her computer open and Jack saw sexts from another man. At first, he was stunned.  They had agreed to be monogamous early in the relationship and, even though Jack had opportunities to cheat on Beth when he traveled for work, he never cheated.

When confronted about the texts, Beth admitted she had been talking to a man online, but they had never met in person. She described it as an emotional affair. She said she felt lonely because Jack was away so much for work.  

Neither of them had the necessary communication skills to talk about the emotional affair. Jack told Beth, "Let's put it behind us" and he refused to talk about it.  But he was never able to forgive Beth for cheating.

Over time, Jack's resentment created walls. Gradually they became more and more emotionally distant from each other. They also stopped having sex.

By the end of two years, they both agreed they were unhappy and they decided to end their relationship.

A few months later, Jack met Alice. As previously mentioned, initially their relationship was going well. But in their fourth month together, Jack became jealous whenever Beth had to work on a project with a male colleague, Joe.

Despite reassurance from Beth that there was nothing going on between her and her male colleague, Jack felt anxious and irritable whenever Alice spent time with Joe. He treated Alice like she was cheating--even though there was no evidence of this.

After a few arguments, Alice told Jack she thought he was comparing her to his former girlfriend, Beth and he needed to seek help in therapy to deal with his old wounds or their relationship wasn't going to work.

How to Avoid Bringing Old Wounds Into a New Relationship

When Jack thought about it, he realized Alice was right, so he sought help from a licensed mental health professional to work through his unresolved feelings about his prior relationship.

His therapist was a trauma therapist who helped Jack to heal old wounds using EMDR Therapy and Parts Work Therapy.

While he was working on healing his wounds, Jack also realized that the baggage he was bringing into his new relationship was also related to his childhood when his mother cheated on his father and they almost got a divorce. 

Even though his parents decided to stay together and "put it behind them", they never resolved their problems and they remained emotionally distant. Jack realized that he was repeating the same pattern because he was bringing his unresolved feelings into his relationship with Alice.

Jack's work in therapy was neither quick nor easy. Gradually, he healed his childhood wounds and the wounds he experienced in his relationship with Beth. 

When he made the connection between his old wounds and how he was treating Alice, he communicated openly with her about it.

As he continued to make connections in his trauma therapy, his relationship with Alice improved.

Conclusion

Old emotional wounds from your family of origin and prior relationships can have a negative impact on your current relationship.

Doing the work in therapy to work through old wounds can improve your relationship.

About Me

I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples), Parts Work (IFS and Ego States), Somatic Experiencing and Certified Sex Therapist.

As a trauma therapist, I have helped many individual adults and couples.

To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.

To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.