When considering psychological trauma, it's important to know there are different types of trauma, including developmental trauma and shock trauma.
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| Psychological Trauma and the Need For Control |
In this article I'm focusing on unresolved developmental trauma, which is trauma that occurred over time in childhood, and the need for control as an adult.
What is Psychological Trauma?
Since I'm focusing on developmental trauma (trauma that occurs over time in childhood), the definition of psychological trauma in this context is a person's unique experience of feeling emotional distress in response to ongoing events that overwhelmed their capacity to cope.
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| Psychological Trauma and the Need For Control |
It's important to emphasize that a traumatic response is unique to the individual. So, it's not the events per se that's traumatic--it's a how the individual experiences the events.
Children who are identical twins might experience the same events in their family where one of them is traumatized and the other is not. So, each person has their own unique psychological makeup and their own particular response to what happened.
Another factor is whether or not the person who experienced overwhelming events as a child had emotional support at the time or whether they felt alone (see my article: Undoing Aloneness: What is AEDP (Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy)?).
A child who had emotional support from a loving relative will usually have a better psychological outcome than a child who went through distressing event feeling alone.
Feeling Powerless as Part of Chronic Developmental Trauma
Feeling of powerlessness is an important part of developmental trauma.
A feeling of powerlessness is especially prevalent during chronic developmental trauma where there is ongoing exposure to emotionally overwhelming events. These individuals feel they have no power to stop, change or control these events.
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| Psychological Trauma and the Need For Control |
For instance, a young child who has repeated experiences of hearing their parents' arguments escalate into physical violence will most likely feel terrified and powerless to do anything about their parents' fights.
Even if this same child, who is terrified, is able to muster the courage to knock on their parents' bedroom to try to get them to stop the fighting, the parents might respond in ways that make the incident even more terrifying.
One or both parents might invalidate the child's fear by saying, "Nothing is wrong. Go back to your room" which can be very confusing for the child.
Alternatively, the parents might respond in other ways that make the event even scarier. For example, one of the parents might threaten the child by saying something like, "Get back to your room or you'll get a spanking!" or "Stop crying or I'll give you something to cry about!"
This leaves the child in an untenable situation where not only can they not control what's happening but they also fear they will get physically punished.
An hour or two later these same parents, who might be highly volatile with each other at times, might emerge from their bedroom and act as if nothing happened in front of the child.
Not only does this invalidate the child's fear and make the child feel alone, it can also makes the child wonder if there's something wrong with him or her to fear a situation where the parents are now acting normal.
Understanding the Connection Between Unresolved Trauma and the Need For Control
In the example given above, if there are ongoing events like this where the child feels powerless and alone, this child will mostly likely grow up with a strong need to feel in control of their own life, their loved ones' lives and the circumstances around them.
One of the consequences of a history of unresolved trauma and feelings of powerlessness is that individuals often become emotionally triggered when they find themselves in situations where they feel they can't exert control.
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| Psychological Trauma and the Need For Control |
The need for exerting control will vary from one individual to another depending upon the person and the particular situation. But most individuals who experienced chronic trauma growing up don't want to re-experience the sense of powerlessness they experienced as children. This creates in them the need to exert control.
The need to feel in control is a self protective mechanism whereby the individual tries to create a safe space so they don't feel the same terrifying feelings they experienced as a child.
For individuals who grew up in unpredictable circumstances where it felt like anything could happen at any time, the need for predictability is paramount.
What Are Some of the Signs of a Need For Control Based on Unresolved Trauma?
The following are some of the signs people might experience when they have a need to be in control based on unresolved trauma:
- Fear of Ambiguous Situations: They can be very uncomfortable (maybe even panicked) when a situation is unclear. Ambiguous situations can be highly triggering for them which will, in turn, trigger their need to exert control over the situation.
- Setting Rigid Boundaries: They might set rigid boundaries so relationships and situations feel predictable with no second guessing about what might or might not happen.
- Fear of Vulnerability: They might have a hard time opening up to other people. As a result, they might not feel comfortable sharing personal information about themselves because they fear the other person might use this information against them (see my article: Vulnerability as a Pathway to Intimacy in a Relationship).
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| Psychological Trauma and the Need For Control |
- Fear of Talking About the Past: They might not like talking about their past because they fear getting triggered again and also fear trusting someone else with this information.
- Fear of Allowing Others to Get to Know Them: They might be hard to get to know because they are protecting themselves from getting hurt again.
- Fear of Intimate Relationships: They might avoid getting into intimate relationships because of their fear of vulnerability.
- You're Either For Them or Against Them: They might feel you're either for them or against them. There might not feel anything in between (no gray area).
- Fear of Trusting Others: If they feel disappointed or letdown by someone, they might not trust that person again.
- A Need for Predictability: Due to their need for predictability, they might have unrealistic or perfectionistic expectations of others (see my article: Perfection vs Good Enough).
- Fear of Risks: They might be risk averse. They might avoid anything that is risky or feels dangerous to them in any way. This can include the possibility of getting hurt in a relationship, making financial decisions that might involve a degree of risk, making a career change and so on.
- Fear of Abandonment: They might have a strong fear of abandonment. Since their childhood experiences might have included feeling emotionally abandoned by their parents, who were supposed to take care of them, they might fear abandonment in any close relationship.
What's the First Step in Healing Psychological Trauma?
Since developmental trauma occurs in the context of a relationship, healing also needs to occur in the context of a relationship (this is one of the reasons why self help books are often only minimally, if at all, helpful in terms of healing trauma).
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| Healing Psychological Trauma and Awareness |
Unfortunately, people who experienced developmental trauma as children often don't trust relationships. They might have a strong need to feel loved, but they also dread feeling loved because of their early experiences of feeling unsafe (see my article: Wanting and Dreading Love).
Many people who have unresolved developmental trauma continue to use the same protective strategies they used as children. While these strategies might have helped them at the time, they no longer work for them.
One of those strategies often included avoiding close relationships.
Developing an awareness about the impact of unresolved trauma is an important first step.
Without an acknowledgement of the impact, there's often a lack of motivation and fear of getting help.
Getting Help in Trauma Therapy
Many people seek help in trauma therapy when the pain of doing nothing becomes greater than their fear of getting help.
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| Getting Help in Trauma Therapy |
A skilled trauma therapist can help you to work through the issues that keep you stuck with the impact of unresolved trauma.
If you're feeling stuck due to unresolved trauma, seek help in trauma therapy so you can live a more fulfilling life.
About Me
I am a licensed New York psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, EMDR, AEDP, EFT (for couples), Somatic Experiencing and Sex Therapist.
I work with individual adults and couples.
With over 20 years of experience as a trauma therapist, I believe people have an innate ability to heal from traumatic experiences with the help in trauma therapy (see my article: What is a Trauma Therapist?)
To find out more about me, visit my website: Josephine Ferraro, LCSW - NYC Psychotherapist.
To set up a consultation, call me at (917) 742-2624 during business hours or email me.